What is an off-ladder allele?
Off-ladder alleles are rare alleles that are not represented in the locus-specific allelic ladders. These off-ladder alleles do not fit within the 0.5 bp range of corresponding alleles in the allelic ladder.
How many peaks for a given STR allele will a heterozygous individual have?
Part 2: How DNA Profiling Is Done Describe how you determine whether an individual is heterozygous or homozygous for a particular STR. If there are two distinct peaks, the individual is heterozygous at that locus.
How can off-ladder alleles be verified?
Off-ladder alleles, also known as microvariants, that contain nucleotide changes or insertions or deletions in the STR repeat region or immediate flanking regions are known to exist and can be determined with a high precision CE instrument.
Can you analyze your data without an allelic ladder?
Processing Data Without An Allelic Ladder You are now ready to process your data. However, the workflow of ChimerMarker differs depending on whether or not you choose to run an Allelic Ladder with your samples.
What is an allele call?
“Allele” is the word that we use to describe the alternative form or versions of a gene. People inherit one allele for each autosomal gene from each parent, and we tend to lump the alleles into categories. Typically, we call them either normal or wild-type alleles, or abnormal, or mutant alleles.
How are DNA STR alleles separated by size during STR analysis?
Following multiplex PCR amplification, DNA samples containing the length-variant STR alleles are typically separated by capillary electrophoresis and genotyped by comparison to an allelic ladder supplied with a commercial kit.
Why are allele ladders used instead of DNA size standards to analyze STRs?
Why are allele ladders used instead of DNA size standards to analyze STRs? Allele ladders are easier to look at and relate to than DNA size standards. What machines are required to perform STR PCR analysis?
What is an STR profile?
The most common type of DNA profiling today for criminal cases and other types of forensic uses is called “STR” (short tandem repeat) analysis. Using DNA to distinguish between two individuals is a tricky matter, because close to 99.9 percent of our DNA is the same as everybody else’s DNA.