How is digoxin distributed?
Digoxin is extensively distributed in the tissues, as reflected by the large volume of distribution. High concentrations are found in the heart and kidneys, but the skeletal muscles form the largest digoxin storage. The half-life of elimination in healthy persons varies between 26 and 45 hours.
Why does digoxin have large volume of distribution?
Digoxin has a large volume of distribution, due to its high affinity for skeletal and cardiac muscles, intestines and kidney.
What drugs have a large volume of distribution?
Examples
| Drug | VD | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Warfarin | 8 L | Reflects a high degree of plasma protein binding. |
| Theophylline, Ethanol | 30 L | Represents distribution in total body water. |
| Chloroquine | 15000 L | Shows highly lipophilic molecules which sequester into total body fat. |
| NXY-059 | 8 L | Highly charged hydrophilic molecule. |
What is volume of distribution of drug?
Volume of distribution (Vd), represents the apparent volume into which the drug is distributed to provide the same concentration as it currently is in blood plasma. It is calculated by the amount of the drug in the body divided by the plasma concentration [19].
What is the route of elimination of digoxin from the body?
Elimination. For water soluble drugs, like digoxin, elimination is solely or primarily via renal excretion [8, 9, 11].
What is the frequency of digoxin?
Tablets: Initial: 500 to 750 mcg usually produces a detectable effect in 0.5 to 2 hours with a maximal effect in 2 to 6 hours. Additional doses of 125 to 375 mcg may be given at 6 to 8 hour intervals until clinical evidence of an adequate effect is noted.
What is considered high volume of distribution?
If the volume is between 7 4 and 15 7 L, the drug is thought to be distributed throughout the blood (plasma and red blood cells). If the volume of distribution is larger than 42, the drug is thought to be distributed to all tissues in the body, especially the fatty tissue.
What is digoxin route?
Digoxin injection is given in combination with a diuretic (water pill) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to treat heart failure in adults and children. It is also used to treat adults with atrial fibrillation (a heart rhythm problem).
How is digoxin clearance calculated?
Maintenance dose: Digoxin clearance= [CRCL + 40] x 1.44 (add 20 instead of 40 if pt has CHF). Predicted Css= (Dose) (0.65 to 0.8)/ Digoxin clearance.
Is digoxin Chronotropic or inotropic?
Digoxin is a positive inotropic and negative chronotropic drug 7, meaning that it increases the force of the heartbeat and decreases the heart rate. The decrease in heart rate is particularly useful in cases of atrial fibrillation, a condition characterized by a fast and irregular heartbeat.
What is a large volume of distribution?
The larger the volume of distribution, the more likely that the drug is found in the tissues of the body. The smaller the volume of distribution, the more likely that the drug is confined to the circulatory system.
What is a normal volume of distribution?